ASTM D2010/D2010M : 98(2024)

Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Total Sulfation Activity in the Atmosphere by the Lead Dioxide Technique

Standard Details

1.1 These test methods describe the evaluation of the total sulfation activity in the atmosphere. Because of its oxidizing power, lead dioxide (PbO₂) converts not only sulfur dioxide (SO₂), but other compounds, such as mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide, into sulfate. It fixes sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid mist present in the atmosphere (see Note 1).

1.2 Test Method A describes the use of a PbO₂ candle, and Test Method B describes that of a PbO₂ sulfation plate.2

1.3 These test methods provide a weighted average effective SO₂ level for a 30-day interval.

1.4 The results of these test methods correlate approximately with volumetric SO₂ concentrations, although the presence of dew or condensed moisture tends to enhance the capture of SO₂ onto the candle or plate.

1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.

Note 1: It has been shown that the rate constant of the chemical reaction between SO₂ and PbO₂ is independent of the concentration of SO₂ up to levels of 1000 ppm(v), if 15 % or less of the PbO₂ has been reduced (1).3 15 % of the PbO₂ is equivalent to 11 mg to 12 mg of SO₂/cm² per day.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 8.

1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.