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Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science
1.1 This terminology standard includes definitions of terms used in the forensic sciences.
1.2 Legal and scientific and terms in common use that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included, except when dictionaries show multiple definitions and it seems desirable to indicate the definitions recommended for forensic science use.
1.3 Section A defines terms that are common to multiple areas of forensic science, whereas, the subsequent sections define terms pertaining to specific forensic science areas, as follows:
Section A: General (Common) Forensic Science Terms | ||
The terms defined in Section A are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.92, Terminology. | ||
Section B: Criminalistics | ||
The terms defined in Section B are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01, Criminalistics. | ||
Section B1: Terms for Seized Drug Analysis | ||
Section B2: Terms for Gunshot Residue (GSR) Analysis and Smokeless Powder Analysis | ||
Section B3: Terms for Paint Analysis | ||
Section B4: Terms for Textile, Fiber, Cord, and Tape Examination | ||
Section B5: Terms for Glass Examination | ||
Section B6: Terms for Fire Debris | ||
Section C: Digital and Multimedia Evidence | ||
The terms defined in Section C are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.12, Digital and Multimedia Evidence. | ||
Section C1: Terms for Computer Forensics | ||
Section C2: Terms for Digital Image Processing and Multimedia Evidence Examination | ||
Section C3: Terms for Magnetic Card Reader Examination | ||
Section C4: Terms for Facial Image Examination | ||
Section D: Interdisciplinary | ||
The terms defined in Section D are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.11, Interdisciplinary Forensic Science StandardDetails. | ||
Section E: Questioned Documents | ||
The terms defined in Section E were formerly the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.02, Questioned Documents, and are currently the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.90, Executive Committee. | ||
1.4 Entries listed in Sections B–E reflect only those existing in Committee E30 StandardDetails current with the date of a once yearly review of Committee E30 StandardDetails. Changes to StandardDetails or entries following this date will appear in Sections B–E after the following year’s review date.
1.5 An alphabetical list of the terms defined in this standard is given in Appendix X1, which also identifies the section(s) in which each term is defined.
1.6 Definitions identical to those published by another StandardDetails-developing organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
1.7 In some cases different usage of a term in different fields has been noted.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International StandardDetails, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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