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Standard Guide for Investigation of the Source and Cause of Releases from Underground Storage Tank Systems
1.1 Overview—This guide is an organized collection of information and series of options for industry, regulators, consultants and the public, intended to assist with the development of investigation protocols for underground storage tank facilities in the United States. While the guide does not recommend a specific course of action, it establishes an investigation framework, and it provides a series of techniques that may be employed to: identify equipment problems; in some cases collect and preserve failed equipment for forensic evaluation or laboratory analysis; identify the source of a release; and document the investigation. The guide includes information on methods of investigation, documentation, collecting and preserving samples; chain of custody; storage; shipping; working with equipment manufacturers; and notification of regulators and listing laboratories. The goal in using the guide is to identify the appropriate level of investigation and to gather and preserve information, in an organized manner, which could be used in the future to improve system design or performance. While this guide may act as a starting point for users with limited experience in failure investigation, the user is encouraged to consult with failure analysis experts for specific investigation procedures that may be needed for certain equipment and the investigation should be conducted by a qualified professional. As users develop their specific investigation protocols, they may find that the investigations can be streamlined for certain types of facilities.
1.2 Limitations of This Guide:
1.2.1 Given the variability of the different investigators that may wish to use this guide and the different types of facilities and failures that will be investigated, it is not possible to address all the relevant StandardDetails that might apply to a particular investigation. This guide uses generalized language and examples to guide the user. If it is not clear to the user how to apply StandardDetails to their specific circumstances, it is recommended that users seek assistance from qualified professionals.
1.2.2 This guide does not address safety issues associated with the investigation, taking samples and storing equipment. Users are cautioned to exercise proper care in handling equipment that was in contact with flammable and combustible liquids and vapors. Some of the activities described in this guide may be subject to OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) regulations or may only be conducted by individuals with appropriate HAZWOPER (Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response) training certifications recognized by federal and state regulatory authorities, such as HAZWOPER training.
1.2.3 This guide does not address laboratory investigations of material properties and detailed failure analysis.
1.2.4 This guide does not cover underground storage tank systems storing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
1.2.5 This guide does not replace state-required closure assessments and investigations. Requirements vary from state to state and often include specific sampling requirements. The user should comply with the requirement of the authority having jurisdiction.
1.2.6 Prior to implementing the steps described in Section 5, users of this guide must determine if the authority having jurisdiction has any qualification requirements for the individual performing the investigation.
1.2.7 Investigations addressed by this guide may involve knowledge, skills, and abilities generally attributed to individuals certified as tank systems installers, inspectors, or removers, or those who are trained in soil and groundwater sampling protocols (for example, geologists, groundwater professionals, or engineers).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International StandardDetails, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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